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Last Update: 05/30/2008
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Alphabetical listing of systematic reviews
NICHD Cochrane Neonatal Home Page
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A
Aerosolized diuretics for preterm infants with (or developing) chronic lung disease
Ad libitum or demand/semi-demand feeding versus scheduled interval feeding for preterm infants
Adrenaline for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants with cardiovascular compromise
Air versus oxygen for resuscitation of infants at birth
Albumin infusion for low serum albumin in preterm newborn infants
Alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor (a1PI) for preventing chronic lung disease in preterm infants
Antibiotic regimens for suspected early neonatal sepsis
Antibiotic regimens for suspected late onset sepsis in newborn infants
Anticonvulsants for neonates with seizures
Anticonvulsants for preventing mortality and morbidity in full term newborns with perinatal asphyxia
Antithrombin for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
Arginine supplementation for prevention of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants
Audio recordings of consultations with doctors for parents of critically sick babies
B
Base administration or fluid bolus for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants with metabolic acidosis
Breastfeeding or breast milk for procedural pain in neonates
Bronchodilators for the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease in preterm infants
C
Caffeine versus theophylline for apnea in preterm infants
Calcium and phosphorus supplementation of human milk for preterm infants
Carbohydrate supplementation of human milk to promote growth in preterm infants
Carnitine supplementation for preterm infants with recurrent apnea
Carnitine supplementation of parenterally fed neonates
Chest physiotherapy for preventing morbidity in babies being extubated from mechanical ventilation
Clinical decision support systems for neonatal care
Continuous distending pressure for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
Continuous heparin infusion to prevent thrombosis and catheter occlusion in neonates with peripherally placed percutaneous central venous catheters
Continuous infusion versus intermittent bolus doses of indomethacin for patent ductus arteriosus closure in symptomatic preterm infants
Continuous infusion versus intermittent flushing to prevent loss of function of peripheral intravenous catheters used for drug administration in newborn infants
Continuous nasogastric milk feeding versus intermittent bolus milk feeding for premature infants less than 1500 grams
Continuous positive airway pressure versus theophylline for apnea in preterm infants
Cooling for newborns with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy
Corticosteroids for treating hypotension in preterm infants
Cot-nursing versus incubator care for preterm infants
Cromolyn sodium for the prevention of chronic lung disease in preterm infants
Cup feeding versus other forms of supplemental enteral feeding for newborn infants unable to fully breastfeed
D
D-Penicillamine for preventing retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants
Delayed (>3 weeks) postnatal corticosteroids for chronic lung disease in preterm infants
Deep versus shallow suction of endotracheal tubes in ventilated neonates and young infants
Developmental care for promoting development and preventing morbidity in preterm infants
Devices and pressure sources for administration of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) in preterm neonates
Diazepam for treating tetanus
Digoxin in the prevention or treatment of respiratory distress syndrome
Diuretics acting on the distal renal tubule for preterm infants with (or developing) chronic lung disease
Diuretics for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
Diuretic therapy for newborn infants with posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation
Dopamine for prevention of morbidity and mortality in term newborn infants with suspected perinatal asphyxia
Dopamine versus dobutamine for hypotensive preterm infants
Dopamine vs no treatment to prevent renal dysfunction in indomethacin-treated preterm newborn infants
Double wall versus single wall incubator for reducing heat loss in very low birth weight infants in incubators
Doxapram treatment for apnea in preterm infants
Doxapram versus methylxanthine for apnea in preterm infants
E
Early administration of inhaled corticosteroids for preventing chronic lung disease in ventilated very low birth weight preterm neonates
Early discharge with home support of gavage feeding for stable preterm infants who have not established full oral feeds
Early erythropoietin for preventing red blood cell transfusion in preterm and/or low birth weight infants
Early developmental intervention programs post hospital discharge to prevent motor and cognitive impairments in preterm infants
Early intravenous nutrition for the prevention of neonatal jaundice
Early introduction of lipids to parenterally-fed preterm infants
Early light reduction for preventing retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants
Early postnatal (<96 hours) corticosteroids for preventing chronic lung disease in preterm infants
Early surfactant administration with brief ventilation vs selective surfactant and continued mechanical ventilation for preterm infants with or at risk for respiratory distress syndrome
Early versus delayed initiation of continuous distending pressure for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
Early versus delayed initiation of progressive enteral feedings for parenterally fed low birth weight or preterm infants
Early versus delayed selective surfactant treatment for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Early versus late erythropoietin for preventing red blood cell transfusion in preterm and/or low birth weight infants
Early versus late discontinuation of oxygen in preterm or low birth weight infants
Early volume expansion for prevention of morbidity and mortality in very preterm infants
Early volume expansion versus inotrope for prevention of morbidity and mortality in very preterm infants
Effect of taurine supplementation on growth and development in preterm or low birth weight infants
Elective high frequency jet ventilation versus conventional ventilation for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
Elective high frequency oscillatory ventilation versus conventional ventilation for acute pulmonary dysfunction in preterm infants
Endotracheal intubation at birth for preventing morbidity and mortality in vigorous, meconium-stained infants born at term
Enteral antibiotics for preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in low birthweight or preterm infants
Epinephrine for the resuscitation of apparently stillborn or extremely bradycardic newborn infants
Erythromycin for the prevention of chronic lung disease in intubated preterm infants at risk for, or colonized or infected with Ureaplasma urealyticum
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe respiratory failure in newborn infants
Extubation from low-rate intermittent positive airways pressure versus extubation after a trial of endotracheal continuous positive airways pressure in intubated preterm infants
F
Fat supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants
Feed thickener for newborn infants with gastro-oesophageal reflux
Fibreoptic phototherapy for neonatal jaundice
Fluid restriction for term infants with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy following perinatal asphyxia
Formula milk versus donor breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants
Formula milk versus maternal breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants
Formulas containing hydrolysed protein for prevention of allergy and food intolerance in infants
Furosemide for prevention of morbidity in indomethacin-treated infants with patent ductus arteriosus
Furosemide for transient tachypnea of the newborn
G
G-CSF and GM-CSF for treating or preventing neonatal infections
Glutamine supplementation for prevention of morbidity in preterm infants
Glutamine supplementation for young infants with severe gastrointestinal disease
Gowning by attendants and visitors in newborn nurseries for prevention of neonatal morbidity and mortality
Gradual versus abrupt discontinuation of oxygen in preterm or low birth weight infants
Granulocyte transfusions for neonates with confirmed or suspected sepsis and neutropaenia
H
Heparin for prolonging peripheral intravenous catheter use in neonates
High versus low medium chain triglyceride content of formula for promoting short term growth of preterm infants
Higher versus lower protein intake in formula-fed low birth weight infants
I
Ibuprofen for the prevention of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm and/or low birth weight infants
Ibuprofen for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm and/or low birth weight infants
Immunoglobulin infusion for isoimmune haemolytic jaundice in neonates
Increased energy intake for preterm infants with (or developing) bronchopulmonary dysplasia/ chronic lung disease
Indomethacin for asymptomatic patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants
Infant position in neonates receiving mechanical ventilation
Inhaled nitric oxide for respiratory failure in preterm infants
Inhaled versus systemic corticosteroids for preventing chronic lung disease in ventilated very low birth weight preterm neonates
Inhaled versus systemic corticosteroids for the treatment of chronic lung disease in ventilated very low birth weight preterm infants
Inositol for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
Interventions for non-oliguric hyperkalaemia in preterm neonates
Intramuscular penicillin for the prevention of early onset group B streptococcal infection in newborn infants
Intravenous dexamethasone for extubation of newborn infants
Intravenous immunoglobulin for preventing infection in preterm and/or low birth weight infants
Intravenous immunoglobulin for suspected or subsequently proven infection in neonates
Intravenous in-line filters for preventing morbidity and mortality in neonates
Intravenous midazolam infusion for sedation of infants in the neonatal intensive care unit
Intravenous or enteral loop diuretics for preterm infants with (or developing) chronic lung disease
Intraventricular antibiotics for bacterial meningitis in neonates
Intraventricular Streptokinase after Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Newborn Infants
Interventions to prevent hypothermia at birth in preterm and/or low birthweight babies
Iodine supplementation for the prevention of mortality and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants
J
K
Kangaroo mother care to reduce morbidity and mortality in low birthweight infants
Kinesthetic stimulation for treating apnea in preterm infants
Kinesthetic stimulation versus theophylline for apnea in preterm infants
L
Lactase treated feeds to promote growth and feeding tolerance in preterm infants
Laryngeal mask airway versus bag-mask ventilation or endotracheal intubation for neonatal resuscitation
Late erythropoietin for preventing red blood cell transfusion in preterm and/or low birth weight infants
Late versus early surgical correction for congenital diaphragmatic hernia in newborn infants
Long versus short inspiratory times in neonates receiving mechanical ventilation
Longchain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation of preterm infants
Longchain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infants born at term
Lidocaine-prilocaine cream (EMLA) to reduce pain in male neonates undergoing circumcision
M
Magnesium sulfate for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn
Massage for promoting growth and development of preterm and/or low birth-weight infants
Mechanical ventilation for newborn infants with respiratory failure due to pulmonary disease
Metalloporphyrins for treatment of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in neonates
Methylxanthine treatment for apnea in preterm infants
Moderately early (7-14 days) postnatal corticosteroids for preventing chronic lung disease in preterm infants
Multicomponent fortified human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants
Multicomponent fortification of human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge
Multiple versus single dose natural surfactant extract for severe neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Multiple versus single lumen umbilical venous catheters for newborn infants
N
Naloxone for narcotic-exposed newborn infants
Nasal continuous positive airways pressure immediately after extubation for preventing morbidity in preterm infants
Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) for apnea of prematurity
Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) for preterm neonates after extubation
Nasal versus oral intubation for mechanical ventilation of newborn infants
Nasal versus oral route for placing feeding tubes in preterm or low birth weight infants
Natural surfactant extract versus synthetic surfactant for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Naloxone for preventing morbidity and mortality in newborn infants of greater than 34 weeks gestation with suspected perinatal asphyxia
Nebulized racemic epinephrine for extubation of newborn infants
Neuromuscular paralysis for newborn infants receiving mechanical ventilation
Nitric oxide for respiratory failure in infants born at or near term
Non-nutritive sucking for promoting physiologic stability and nutrition in preterm infants
Nutrient-enriched formula milk versus human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge
Nutrient-enriched formula versus standard term formula for preterm infants following hospital discharge
O
One dose per day compared to multiple doses per day of gentamicin for treatment of suspected or proven sepsis in neonates
Opiate treatment for opiate withdrawal in newborn infants
Opioids for neonates receiving mechanical ventilation
Oral immunoglobulin for preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm and low birth-weight neonates
Oral immunoglobulin for the prevention of rotavirus infection in low birth weight infants
Oral immunoglobulin for the treatment of rotavirus diarrhoea in low birth weight infants
P
Pain relief for neonatal circumcision
Patient isolation measures for infants with candida colonization or infection for preventing or reducing transmission of candida in neonatal units
Pentoxifylline for neonatal sepsis
Percutaneous central venous catheters versus peripheral cannulae for delivery of parenteral nutrition in neonates
Peripheral retinal ablation in premature infants with threshold retinopathy of prematurity
Permissive hypercapnia for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in mechanically ventilated newborn infants
Physical activity programs for promoting bone mineralization and growth in preterm infants
Positive end-expiratory pressure for resuscitation of newborn infants at birth
Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants
Postnatal thyroid hormones for preterm infants with transient hypothyroxinaemia
Postnatal thyroid hormones for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
Prebiotics in infants for prevention of allergic disease and food hypersensitivity
Preoxygenation for tracheal suctioning in intubated, ventilated newborn infants
Pre-discharge "car seat challenge" for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Probiotics for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants
Probiotics in infants for prevention of allergic disease and food hypersensitivity
Prolonged versus short course of indomethacin for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants
Prophylactic administration of natural surfactant extract
Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates with umbilical artery catheters
Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates with umbilical venous catheters
Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in ventilated newborn infants
Prophylactic caffeine to prevent postoperative apnea following general anesthesia in preterm infants
Prophylactic doxapram for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants undergoing endotracheal extubation
Prophylactic systemic antifungal agents to prevent mortality and morbidity in very low birth weight infants
Prophylactic intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in preterm and/or low-birth-weight neonates
Prophylactic intravenous indomethacin for preventing mortality and morbidity in preterm infants
Prophylactic methylxanthines for extubation in preterm infants
Prophylactic methylxanthine for prevention of apnea in preterm infants
Prophylactic nasal continuous positive airways pressure for preventing morbidity and mortality in very preterm infants
Prophylactic oral antifungal agents to prevent systemic candida infection in preterm infants
Prophylactic postnatal thyroid hormones for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Prophylactic systemic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates with central venous catheters
Prophylactic surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus for prevention of mortality and morbidity in extremely low birth weight infants
Prophylactic versus selective antibiotics for term newborn infants of mothers with risk factors for neonatal infection
Prophylactic versus selective use of surfactant in preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Prophylactic synthetic surfactant in preterm infants
Protein containing synthetic surfactant versus animal derived surfactant extract for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome
Protein supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants
Prophylactic vitamin K for vitamin K deficiency bleeding in neonates
Q
R
Radiant warmers versus incubators for regulating body temperature in newborn infants
Rapid correction of early metabolic acidaemia in comparison with placebo, no intervention or slow correction in LBW infants
Rapid versus slow rate of advancement of feedings for promoting growth and preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in parenterally fed low-birth-weight infants
Recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis in neonates
Regional (spinal, epidural, caudal) versus general anaesthesia in preterm infants undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy in early infancy
Replacement of estrogens and progestins to prevent morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures in newborns with intraventricular hemorrhage
Rescue high frequency jet ventilation versus conventional ventilation for severe pulmonary dysfunction
Rescue high frequency oscillatory ventilation vs conventional ventilation for infants with severe pulmonary dysfunction born at or near term
Rescue high frequency oscillatory ventilation versus conventional ventilation for pulmonary dysfunction in preterm infants
Restricted versus liberal oxygen exposure for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm or low birth weight infants
Restricted versus liberal water intake for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
S
Selenium supplementation to prevent short-term morbidity in preterm neonates
Sedatives for opiate withdrawal in newborn infants
Servo-control for maintaining abdominal skin temperature at 36C in low birth weight infants
Sildenafil for pulmonary hypertension in neonates
Single versus double volume exchange transfusion in jaundiced newborn infants
Sodium bicarbonate infusion during resuscitation of infants at birth
Soy formula for prevention of allergy and food intolerance in infants
Steroid therapy for meconium aspiration syndrome in newborn infants
Supplemental oxygen for the treatment of prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity
Sucrose for analgesia in newborn infants undergoing painful procedures
Superoxide dismutase for preventing chronic lung disease in mechanically ventilated preterm infants
Surfactant for meconium aspiration syndrome in full term infants
Surgical versus medical treatment with cyclooxygenase inhibitors for symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants
Synchronized Mechanical Ventilation for Respiratory Support in Newborn Infants
Synthetic surfactant treatment for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome
Systemic antifungal drugs for invasive fungal infection in preterm infants
T
The effect of inotropes on morbidity and mortality in preterm infants with low systemic or organ blood flow
Thrombolytic agents for arterial and venous thromboses in neonates
Thyroid hormones for preventing neurodevelopmental impairment in preterm infants
Thyroid hormone supplementation for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in infants undergoing cardiac surgery
Topical ointment for preventing infection in preterm infants
Tracheal gas insufflation for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in mechanically ventilated newborn infants
Transfer of preterm infants from incubator to open cot at lower versus higher body weight
Transpyloric versus gastric tube feeding for preterm infants
Tracheal suctioning without disconnection in intubated ventilated neonates
Trophic feedings for parenterally fed infants
U
Umbilical artery catheters in the newborn: effects of catheter design (end vs side hole)
Umbilical artery catheters in the newborn: effects of catheter materials
Umbilical artery catheters: heparin usage
Umbilical artery catheters in the newborn: effects of position of the catheter tip
V
Vancomycin for prophylaxis against sepsis in preterm neonates
Venepuncture versus heel lance for blood sampling in term neonates
Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in very low birthweight infants
Vitamin E supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Volume-targeted versus pressure-limited ventilation in the neonate
W
Ward reduction without general anaesthesia versus reduction and repair under general anaesthesia for gastroschisis in newborn infants
X
Y
Z
Carnitine supplementation for preterm infants with recurrent apnea
Continuous infusion versus intermittent bolus doses of indomethacin for patent ductus arteriosus closure in symptomatic preterm infants
